Qt Quick示例 - 窗口和屏幕#
本例演示了QML中的窗口和屏幕类型。
此外，本示例演示了在Qt Python中使用的Qt资源系统，以及在更复杂的场景中的用法。有几个QML文件，其中之一从同一目录中导入了一个模块。此“共享”模块和示例的QML文件都需要通过资源编译器rcc编译成Python模块。
要使“共享”模块与QML和rcc一起工作，您需要以下内容：
一个模块定义文件 qmldir
一个Qt资源集合文件 (.qrc)，指定所有QML文件和其他资源，以及 qmldir 文件
.qrc文件是rcc的输入。这将生成一个Python模块（在这里称为shared_rc），然后可以从Python代码中导入。在运行时，只需要这个Python模块，不需要.qrc文件或任何.qml文件，甚至不需要图像资源，因为它们已经被编译到了Python模块中。
对于这个例子，rcc需要：
一个Qt资源集合文件 (.qrc)，指定所有的QML文件和其他资源。这里没有qmldir文件，因为这个不是模块。
这将生成一个Python模块（在这里称为window_rc），然后可以从Python代码中导入。同样，在运行时只需要Python模块。
# Copyright (C) 2022 The Qt Company Ltd.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LicenseRef-Qt-Commercial OR BSD-3-Clause
import os
from pathlib import Path
import sys
from PySide6.QtCore import QUrl, qWarning
from PySide6.QtGui import QGuiApplication
from PySide6.QtQml import QQmlComponent, QQmlEngine
from PySide6.QtQuick import QQuickWindow
from PySide6.QtQuickControls2 import QQuickStyle
import rc_window # noqa: F401
# Append the parent directory of this file so that Python can find and
# import from the "shared" sibling directory.
sys.path.append(os.fspath(Path(__file__).parent.parent))
from shared import shared_rc # noqa: F401, E402
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QGuiApplication(sys.argv)
if sys.platform == "win32":
QQuickStyle.setStyle("Fusion")
engine = QQmlEngine()
# Add the qrc root as QML import path so that the "shared" module
# can be found.
engine.addImportPath(":/")
component = QQmlComponent(engine)
QQuickWindow.setDefaultAlphaBuffer(True)
component.loadUrl(QUrl("qrc:///window/window.qml"))
if component.isReady():
component.create()
else:
qWarning(component.errorString())
app.exit(1)
app.exec()
// Copyright (C) 2021 The Qt Company Ltd.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: LicenseRef-Qt-Commercial OR BSD-3-Clause
import QtQuick
import QtQuick.Controls
QtObject {
id: root
property real defaultSpacing: 10
property SystemPalette palette: SystemPalette { }
property var controlWindow: Window {
width: col.implicitWidth + root.defaultSpacing * 2
height: col.implicitHeight + root.defaultSpacing * 2
color: root.palette.window
title: "Control Window"
Column {
id: col
anchors.fill: parent
anchors.margins: root.defaultSpacing
spacing: root.defaultSpacing
property real cellWidth: col.width / 3 - spacing
Label { text: "Control the second window:" }
Grid {
id: grid
columns: 3
spacing: root.defaultSpacing
width: parent.width
Button {
id: showButton
width: col.cellWidth
text: root.testWindow.visible ? "Hide" : "Show"
onClicked: root.testWindow.visible = !root.testWindow.visible
}
//! [windowedCheckbox]
CheckBox {
text: "Windowed"
height: showButton.height
width: col.cellWidth
Binding on checked { value: root.testWindow.visibility === Window.Windowed }
onClicked: root.testWindow.visibility = Window.Windowed
}
//! [windowedCheckbox]
CheckBox {
height: showButton.height
width: col.cellWidth
text: "Full Screen"
Binding on checked { value: root.testWindow.visibility === Window.FullScreen }
onClicked: root.testWindow.visibility = Window.FullScreen
}
Button {
id: autoButton
width: col.cellWidth
text: "Automatic"
onClicked: root.testWindow.visibility = Window.AutomaticVisibility
}
CheckBox {
height: autoButton.height
text: "Minimized"
Binding on checked { value: root.testWindow.visibility === Window.Minimized }
onClicked: root.testWindow.visibility = Window.Minimized
}
CheckBox {
height: autoButton.height
text: "Maximized"
Binding on checked { value: root.testWindow.visibility === Window.Maximized }
onClicked: root.testWindow.visibility = Window.Maximized
}
}
function visibilityToString(v) {
switch (v) {
case Window.Windowed:
return "windowed";
case Window.Minimized:
return "minimized";
case Window.Maximized:
return "maximized";
case Window.FullScreen:
return "fullscreen";
case Window.AutomaticVisibility:
return "automatic";
case Window.Hidden:
return "hidden";
}
return "unknown";
}
Label {
id: visibilityLabel
text: "second window is " + (root.testWindow.visible ? "visible" : "invisible") +
" and has visibility " + parent.visibilityToString(root.testWindow.visibility)
}
Rectangle {
color: root.palette.text
width: parent.width
height: 1
}
CurrentScreen { }
Rectangle {
color: root.palette.text
width: parent.width
height: 1
}
AllScreens { width: parent.width }
}
}
property var testWindow: Window {
width: 320
height: 240
color: "#215400"
title: "Test Window with color " + color
flags: Qt.Window | Qt.WindowFullscreenButtonHint
Rectangle {
anchors.fill: parent
anchors.margins: root.defaultSpacing
Label {
anchors.centerIn: parent
text: "Second Window"
}
MouseArea {
anchors.fill: parent
onClicked: root.testWindow.color = "#e0c31e"
}
Button {
anchors.right: parent.right
anchors.top: parent.top
anchors.margins: root.defaultSpacing
text: root.testWindow.visibility === Window.FullScreen ? "exit fullscreen" : "go fullscreen"
width: 150
onClicked: {
if (root.testWindow.visibility === Window.FullScreen)
root.testWindow.visibility = Window.AutomaticVisibility
else
root.testWindow.visibility = Window.FullScreen
}
}
Button {
anchors.left: parent.left
anchors.top: parent.top
anchors.margins: root.defaultSpacing
text: "X"
width: 30
onClicked: root.testWindow.close()
}
}
}
property var splashWindow: Splash {
onTimeout: root.controlWindow.visible = true
}
}
<RCC>
<qresource prefix="/window">
<file>window.qml</file>
<file>Splash.qml</file>
<file>CurrentScreen.qml</file>
<file>AllScreens.qml</file>
</qresource>
</RCC>
// Copyright (C) 2021 The Qt Company Ltd.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: LicenseRef-Qt-Commercial OR BSD-3-Clause
import QtQuick
import shared
//! [splash-properties]
Window {
id: splash
color: "transparent"
title: "Splash Window"
modality: Qt.ApplicationModal
flags: Qt.SplashScreen
property int timeoutInterval: 2000
signal timeout
//! [splash-properties]
//! [screen-properties]
x: (Screen.width - splashImage.width) / 2
y: (Screen.height - splashImage.height) / 2
//! [screen-properties]
width: splashImage.width
height: splashImage.height
Image {
id: splashImage
source: Images.qtLogo
MouseArea {
anchors.fill: parent
onClicked: Qt.quit()
}
}
//! [timer]
Timer {
interval: splash.timeoutInterval; running: true; repeat: false
onTriggered: {
splash.visible = false
splash.timeout()
}
}
//! [timer]
Component.onCompleted: visible = true
}
// Copyright (C) 2021 The Qt Company Ltd.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: LicenseRef-Qt-Commercial OR BSD-3-Clause
import QtQuick
import QtQuick.Controls
Column {
id: root
spacing: 8
Label {
text: "Total number of screens: " + screenInfo.count
font.bold: true
}
Flow {
spacing: 12
width: parent.width
Repeater {
id: screenInfo
model: (Qt.application as Application).screens
Label {
required property string name
required property int virtualX
required property int virtualY
required property var modelData // avoid shadowing Label.width and height
lineHeight: 1.5
text: name + "\n" + virtualX + ", " + virtualY + " " + modelData.width + "x" + modelData.height
}
}
}
Component.onCompleted: {
var screens = (Qt.application as Application).screens;
for (var i = 0; i < screens.length; ++i)
console.log("screen " + screens[i].name + " has geometry " +
screens[i].virtualX + ", " + screens[i].virtualY + " " +
screens[i].width + "x" + screens[i].height)
}
}
// Copyright (C) 2021 The Qt Company Ltd.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: LicenseRef-Qt-Commercial OR BSD-3-Clause
import QtQuick
import QtQuick.Controls
Item {
id: root
width: 400
height: propertyGrid.implicitHeight + 16
function orientationToString(o) {
switch (o) {
case Qt.PrimaryOrientation:
return "primary";
case Qt.PortraitOrientation:
return "portrait";
case Qt.LandscapeOrientation:
return "landscape";
case Qt.InvertedPortraitOrientation:
return "inverted portrait";
case Qt.InvertedLandscapeOrientation:
return "inverted landscape";
}
return "unknown";
}
Grid {
id: propertyGrid
columns: 2
spacing: 8
x: spacing
y: spacing
//! [screen]
Label {
text: "Screen \"" + Screen.name + "\":"
font.bold: true
}
Item { width: 1; height: 1 } // spacer
Label { text: "manufacturer" }
Label { text: Screen.manufacturer ? Screen.manufacturer : "unknown" }
Label { text: "model" }
Label { text: Screen.model ? Screen.model : "unknown" }
Label { text: "serial number" }
Label { text: Screen.serialNumber ? Screen.serialNumber : "unknown" }
Label { text: "dimensions" }
Label { text: Screen.width + "x" + Screen.height }
Label { text: "pixel density" }
Label { text: Screen.pixelDensity.toFixed(2) + " dots/mm (" + (Screen.pixelDensity * 25.4).toFixed(2) + " dots/inch)" }
Label { text: "logical pixel density" }
Label { text: Screen.logicalPixelDensity.toFixed(2) + " dots/mm (" + (Screen.logicalPixelDensity * 25.4).toFixed(2) + " dots/inch)" }
Label { text: "device pixel ratio" }
Label { text: Screen.devicePixelRatio.toFixed(2) }
Label { text: "available virtual desktop" }
Label { text: Screen.desktopAvailableWidth + "x" + Screen.desktopAvailableHeight }
Label { text: "position in virtual desktop" }
Label { text: Screen.virtualX + ", " + Screen.virtualY }
Label { text: "orientation" }
Label { text: root.orientationToString(Screen.orientation) + " (" + Screen.orientation + ")" }
Label { text: "primary orientation" }
Label { text: root.orientationToString(Screen.primaryOrientation) + " (" + Screen.primaryOrientation + ")" }
//! [screen]
Label { text: "10mm rectangle" }
Rectangle {
color: "red"
width: Screen.pixelDensity * 10
height: width
}
}
}