播放器示例#
媒体播放器演示了一个简单的多媒体播放器，它可以使用各种编解码器播放音频和/或视频文件。
# Copyright (C) 2022 The Qt Company Ltd.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LicenseRef-Qt-Commercial OR BSD-3-Clause
"""PySide6 Multimedia player example"""
import sys
from PySide6.QtCore import QStandardPaths, Qt, Slot
from PySide6.QtGui import QAction, QIcon, QKeySequence
from PySide6.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QDialog, QFileDialog,
QMainWindow, QSlider, QStyle, QToolBar)
from PySide6.QtMultimedia import (QAudioOutput, QMediaFormat,
QMediaPlayer)
from PySide6.QtMultimediaWidgets import QVideoWidget
AVI = "video/x-msvideo" # AVI
MP4 = 'video/mp4'
def get_supported_mime_types():
result = []
for f in QMediaFormat().supportedFileFormats(QMediaFormat.Decode):
mime_type = QMediaFormat(f).mimeType()
result.append(mime_type.name())
return result
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self._playlist = [] # FIXME 6.3: Replace by QMediaPlaylist?
self._playlist_index = -1
self._audio_output = QAudioOutput()
self._player = QMediaPlayer()
self._player.setAudioOutput(self._audio_output)
self._player.errorOccurred.connect(self._player_error)
tool_bar = QToolBar()
self.addToolBar(tool_bar)
file_menu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&File")
icon = QIcon.fromTheme(QIcon.ThemeIcon.DocumentOpen)
open_action = QAction(icon, "&Open...", self,
shortcut=QKeySequence.Open, triggered=self.open)
file_menu.addAction(open_action)
tool_bar.addAction(open_action)
icon = QIcon.fromTheme(QIcon.ThemeIcon.ApplicationExit)
exit_action = QAction(icon, "E&xit", self,
shortcut="Ctrl+Q", triggered=self.close)
file_menu.addAction(exit_action)
play_menu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&Play")
style = self.style()
icon = QIcon.fromTheme(QIcon.ThemeIcon.MediaPlaybackStart,
style.standardIcon(QStyle.SP_MediaPlay))
self._play_action = tool_bar.addAction(icon, "Play")
self._play_action.triggered.connect(self._player.play)
play_menu.addAction(self._play_action)
icon = QIcon.fromTheme(QIcon.ThemeIcon.MediaSkipBackward,
style.standardIcon(QStyle.SP_MediaSkipBackward))
self._previous_action = tool_bar.addAction(icon, "Previous")
self._previous_action.triggered.connect(self.previous_clicked)
play_menu.addAction(self._previous_action)
icon = QIcon.fromTheme(QIcon.ThemeIcon.MediaPlaybackPause,
style.standardIcon(QStyle.SP_MediaPause))
self._pause_action = tool_bar.addAction(icon, "Pause")
self._pause_action.triggered.connect(self._player.pause)
play_menu.addAction(self._pause_action)
icon = QIcon.fromTheme(QIcon.ThemeIcon.MediaSkipForward,
style.standardIcon(QStyle.SP_MediaSkipForward))
self._next_action = tool_bar.addAction(icon, "Next")
self._next_action.triggered.connect(self.next_clicked)
play_menu.addAction(self._next_action)
icon = QIcon.fromTheme(QIcon.ThemeIcon.MediaPlaybackStop,
style.standardIcon(QStyle.SP_MediaStop))
self._stop_action = tool_bar.addAction(icon, "Stop")
self._stop_action.triggered.connect(self._ensure_stopped)
play_menu.addAction(self._stop_action)
self._volume_slider = QSlider()
self._volume_slider.setOrientation(Qt.Horizontal)
self._volume_slider.setMinimum(0)
self._volume_slider.setMaximum(100)
available_width = self.screen().availableGeometry().width()
self._volume_slider.setFixedWidth(available_width / 10)
self._volume_slider.setValue(self._audio_output.volume())
self._volume_slider.setTickInterval(10)
self._volume_slider.setTickPosition(QSlider.TicksBelow)
self._volume_slider.setToolTip("Volume")
self._volume_slider.valueChanged.connect(self._audio_output.setVolume)
tool_bar.addWidget(self._volume_slider)
icon = QIcon.fromTheme(QIcon.ThemeIcon.HelpAbout)
about_menu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&About")
about_qt_act = QAction(icon, "About &Qt", self, triggered=qApp.aboutQt) # noqa: F821
about_menu.addAction(about_qt_act)
self._video_widget = QVideoWidget()
self.setCentralWidget(self._video_widget)
self._player.playbackStateChanged.connect(self.update_buttons)
self._player.setVideoOutput(self._video_widget)
self.update_buttons(self._player.playbackState())
self._mime_types = []
def closeEvent(self, event):
self._ensure_stopped()
event.accept()
@Slot()
def open(self):
self._ensure_stopped()
file_dialog = QFileDialog(self)
is_windows = sys.platform == 'win32'
if not self._mime_types:
self._mime_types = get_supported_mime_types()
if (is_windows and AVI not in self._mime_types):
self._mime_types.append(AVI)
elif MP4 not in self._mime_types:
self._mime_types.append(MP4)
file_dialog.setMimeTypeFilters(self._mime_types)
default_mimetype = AVI if is_windows else MP4
if default_mimetype in self._mime_types:
file_dialog.selectMimeTypeFilter(default_mimetype)
movies_location = QStandardPaths.writableLocation(QStandardPaths.MoviesLocation)
file_dialog.setDirectory(movies_location)
if file_dialog.exec() == QDialog.Accepted:
url = file_dialog.selectedUrls()[0]
self._playlist.append(url)
self._playlist_index = len(self._playlist) - 1
self._player.setSource(url)
self._player.play()
@Slot()
def _ensure_stopped(self):
if self._player.playbackState() != QMediaPlayer.StoppedState:
self._player.stop()
@Slot()
def previous_clicked(self):
# Go to previous track if we are within the first 5 seconds of playback
# Otherwise, seek to the beginning.
if self._player.position() <= 5000 and self._playlist_index > 0:
self._playlist_index -= 1
self._playlist.previous()
self._player.setSource(self._playlist[self._playlist_index])
else:
self._player.setPosition(0)
@Slot()
def next_clicked(self):
if self._playlist_index < len(self._playlist) - 1:
self._playlist_index += 1
self._player.setSource(self._playlist[self._playlist_index])
@Slot("QMediaPlayer::PlaybackState")
def update_buttons(self, state):
media_count = len(self._playlist)
self._play_action.setEnabled(media_count > 0 and state != QMediaPlayer.PlayingState)
self._pause_action.setEnabled(state == QMediaPlayer.PlayingState)
self._stop_action.setEnabled(state != QMediaPlayer.StoppedState)
self._previous_action.setEnabled(self._player.position() > 0)
self._next_action.setEnabled(media_count > 1)
def show_status_message(self, message):
self.statusBar().showMessage(message, 5000)
@Slot("QMediaPlayer::Error", str)
def _player_error(self, error, error_string):
print(error_string, file=sys.stderr)
self.show_status_message(error_string)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
main_win = MainWindow()
available_geometry = main_win.screen().availableGeometry()
main_win.resize(available_geometry.width() / 3,
available_geometry.height() / 2)
main_win.show()
sys.exit(app.exec())